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2023-03-31

How Investing vs Trading impacts tax

In most cases of buying and selling cryptocurrency as a retail investor, you are participating in investing rather than trading. The two are treated differently for tax purposes.

  • Investing is subject to capital gains tax or income tax, depending on the nature of the transaction.
  • Trading in this case refers to self-employment which is subject to income tax and National Insurance Contributions.

The key difference between investing and trading – along with the different tax treatments, is how losses generated in the crypto-activity can be used.

In their guidance, HMRC have explicitly stated that they would expect it to be exceedingly rare that any crypto-activity constituting buying & selling crypto would be classified as “trading”.

If you are uncertain, speak to a tax advisor as there are always exceptions, including but not limited to, developing tokens and large scale mining.

How is crypto tax calculated in the United States?

You can be liable for both capital gains and income tax depending on the type of cryptocurrency transaction, and your individual circumstances. For example, you might need to pay capital gains on profits from buying and selling cryptocurrency, or pay income tax on interest earned when holding crypto.

CoinLedger

CoinLedger is an accessible crypto tax platform with over 1,000 exchange and wallet integrations.

Best for: Users who want a simple, straightforward experience without complex DeFi needs.

Key differentiator: Offers an unlimited transaction plan for high-volume traders at a fixed price.

Pricing: $49 (100 transactions) to $499+ (10,000+ transactions).

Limitation: Does not generate Schedule D forms - you will need to complete this manually or with other software.

Notable: Strong NFT support with OpenSea integration.

CoinTracker

CoinTracker is a portfolio tracker and tax calculator supporting over 30,000 cryptocurrencies.

Best for: Users who prioritize portfolio tracking alongside tax reporting.

Key differentiator: Direct integrations with TurboTax and H&R Block Desktop.

Pricing: $59 (100 transactions) to $599 (10,000 transactions), with full-service options up to $3,499.

Limitation: Customer support is limited on lower-tier plans - priority support requires the $599 Ultra plan.

Notable: Good security with end-to-end encryption and SOC 2 compliance.

ZenLedger

ZenLedger offers both DIY crypto tax reports and professional full-service accounting.

Best for: Users who want tax loss harvesting included at every pricing tier.

Key differentiator: Tax loss harvesting is available on all plans, not just premium tiers.

Pricing: $49 (100 transactions) to $399 (15,000 transactions).

Limitation: Only offers 400+ exchange integrations - significantly fewer than competitors. Some users report customer support issues with long wait times.

Notable: TurboTax integration and 14-day refund policy.

blog
Mar 31
,
 
2023
 - 
10
min read

A Guide To Furucombo

Furucombo helps traders new to the DeFi space get the opportunities available without having to understand the complex protocols. This guide to Furucombo helps beginners through the process and provides details as to what you can do with the platform. It also covers the little understood tax implications of using Furucombo.

Key takeaways
This tax guide is regularly updated: Last Update  

Introduction

Furucombo is one of the more unique projects in the DeFi space and much needed for anyone looking to take advantage of the space without the complex technical knowledge often required to use more than one protocol at a time.

Created in 2020, the premise was a simple one. With all the new DeFi protocols popping up it was impossible to keep up, Furucombo helps users integrate multiple DeFi apps into one transaction without having any coding knowledge.

The simple drag and drop app lets you transfer your funds in multi-step transactions automatically and easily.

Why is it such a good idea?

Each protocol in the DeFi space is solving a unique problem, the problem for users is that the platforms don’t integrate well. Transferring funds between a lending platform and an exchange can take multiple steps, if you want to buy various tokens you have to do so individually. The beauty of Furucombo is that it opens up endless possibilities of transaction combinations between protocols.

While DeFi is busy solving problems in the financial industry Furucombo is thinking about how to make the process easier for non-crypto experts. Reading whitepapers, understanding smart contracts and writing code to execute automated transactions is really hard for someone new to the space or someone who doesn’t have a professional background in software development.

The drag and drop aspect of the app lets you build transactions like you would lego, stacking one on top of the other until you end up with your money where you want it to be or the profit you wanted.

As with most things in the crypto world, there is a risk to using Furucombo, the app was developed less than 6 months ago and they make it very clear that the app is in beta. So far there have been no reported cases of transactions not behaving like they should but use at your own risk.

What can I do with Furucombo?

At the moment there are 11 protocols supported with at least one being added every fortnight. Currently, the app supports:

  • Yearn

  • Mooniswap

  • Uniswap V2 and V1

  • Aave

  • Maker

  • Curve

  • 1inch

  • Compound

  • Kyberswap

  • Oasis

  • Balancer

The options for interactions between protocols are too many to list but there are 4 essential actions you can take across apps:

  • deposit/ withdraw funds

  • add/ remove liquidity

  • borrow/ repay funds

  • trade/ swap

Furucombo has a few of the top transactions listed on their homepage that you can try for yourself. For example, you can transfer your debt between protocols to get a lower interest rate by using a flash loan, swap ETH for a basket of tokens in the one transaction using Uniswap and Kyber, swap holdings between vaults to get the higher APY.

The main advantage of transactions like this is that all the steps are rolled up into one with only one action on your part, you don’t have to withdraw aTokens, exchange them for ETH on Uniswap, change the ETH for cTokens and then loan them out. This would take some time and mental effort to calculate each step.

The most interesting and most profitable transactions are those involving borrowing protocols to increase your leverage and trading apps to make a profit.

There are two types here, the first is increasing your long or short exposure in a specific currency such as ETH. This would work by getting an ETH flash loan from Aave, depositing it to Maker to get DAI in return, and then swapping it on Uniswap back to ETH.

However by far the most talked-about transaction has been the arbitrage trade automated my Furucombo, at this stage you still have to figure out when the trade will be profitable but the execution can be automated. The great thing is that you don’t need to understand how the individual transactions work just if your balance will increase after the whole transaction flow after you account for fees. You can take advantage of cross-exchange/ platform arbitrage and cross-currency arbitrage opportunities.

Tax Implications

This is definitely one of the trickier aspects of not just Furucombo but the DeFi space as a whole. Only a few governments have posted crypto specific tax information and with DeFi being so new the best we can do is offer general interpretations as to how the laws could be perceived based on crypto rules and general tax guidelines. The good news is that using Furucombo specifically doesn’t have any extra tax rules, as the app connects directly to your wallet but the transactions themselves have tax implications.

Here are some general tax rules to keep in mind that can be applied to Furucombo combinations:

  • Any crypto to crypto trade triggers a tax event, the sale of one crypto triggers a tax event for that coin while the purchase of a new coin forms the cost basis for future trades in that coin

  • Transferring the same coin between platforms shouldn’t trigger a tax event as you are in control of the funds the whole time

  • Coins that are airdropped to you or earned from staking is generally considered income and not capital gains

  • Borrowing crypto is not a tax event as it isn’t income or capital gains

  • Borrowing funds to make a trade could be considered income and not capital gains as you are technically making a margin trade. This includes transactions involving flash loans.

News

Furucombo is moving at a rapid pace and is posting news at least once a fortnight. They have been integrating new DeFi protocols weekly but the main news comes from an update posted on September 22nd. With the main goal to demystify the DeFi world for beginners they have launched an explore page where users can explore individual combos used in the past, they can see the APY generated and easily load the transactions so you can do it yourself.

Resources

https://furucombo.app/ https://twitter.com/furucombo https://t.me/furucombo https://medium.com/furucombo https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCa1kGD4lvTSrmfKbDjQNOxQ

The information provided on this website is general in nature and is not tax, accounting or legal advice. It has been prepared without taking into account your objectives, financial situation or needs. Before acting on this information, you should consider the appropriateness of the information having regard to your own objectives, financial situation and needs and seek professional advice. Summ (formerly Crypto Tax Calculator) disclaims all and any guarantees, undertakings and warranties, expressed or implied, and is not liable for any loss or damage whatsoever (including human or computer error, negligent or otherwise, or incidental or Consequential Loss or damage) arising out of, or in connection with, any use or reliance on the information or advice in this website. The user must accept sole responsibility associated with the use of the material on this site, irrespective of the purpose for which such use or results are applied. The information in this website is no substitute for specialist advice.

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A Guide To Furucombo

Furucombo helps traders new to the DeFi space get the opportunities available without having to understand the complex protocols. This guide to Furucombo helps beginners through the process and provides details as to what you can do with the platform. It also covers the little understood tax implications of using Furucombo.

Shane Brunette

This tax guide is regularly updated: Last Update 

....

March

31

2023

Introduction

Furucombo is one of the more unique projects in the DeFi space and much needed for anyone looking to take advantage of the space without the complex technical knowledge often required to use more than one protocol at a time.

Created in 2020, the premise was a simple one. With all the new DeFi protocols popping up it was impossible to keep up, Furucombo helps users integrate multiple DeFi apps into one transaction without having any coding knowledge.

The simple drag and drop app lets you transfer your funds in multi-step transactions automatically and easily.

Why is it such a good idea?

Each protocol in the DeFi space is solving a unique problem, the problem for users is that the platforms don’t integrate well. Transferring funds between a lending platform and an exchange can take multiple steps, if you want to buy various tokens you have to do so individually. The beauty of Furucombo is that it opens up endless possibilities of transaction combinations between protocols.

While DeFi is busy solving problems in the financial industry Furucombo is thinking about how to make the process easier for non-crypto experts. Reading whitepapers, understanding smart contracts and writing code to execute automated transactions is really hard for someone new to the space or someone who doesn’t have a professional background in software development.

The drag and drop aspect of the app lets you build transactions like you would lego, stacking one on top of the other until you end up with your money where you want it to be or the profit you wanted.

As with most things in the crypto world, there is a risk to using Furucombo, the app was developed less than 6 months ago and they make it very clear that the app is in beta. So far there have been no reported cases of transactions not behaving like they should but use at your own risk.

What can I do with Furucombo?

At the moment there are 11 protocols supported with at least one being added every fortnight. Currently, the app supports:

  • Yearn

  • Mooniswap

  • Uniswap V2 and V1

  • Aave

  • Maker

  • Curve

  • 1inch

  • Compound

  • Kyberswap

  • Oasis

  • Balancer

The options for interactions between protocols are too many to list but there are 4 essential actions you can take across apps:

  • deposit/ withdraw funds

  • add/ remove liquidity

  • borrow/ repay funds

  • trade/ swap

Furucombo has a few of the top transactions listed on their homepage that you can try for yourself. For example, you can transfer your debt between protocols to get a lower interest rate by using a flash loan, swap ETH for a basket of tokens in the one transaction using Uniswap and Kyber, swap holdings between vaults to get the higher APY.

The main advantage of transactions like this is that all the steps are rolled up into one with only one action on your part, you don’t have to withdraw aTokens, exchange them for ETH on Uniswap, change the ETH for cTokens and then loan them out. This would take some time and mental effort to calculate each step.

The most interesting and most profitable transactions are those involving borrowing protocols to increase your leverage and trading apps to make a profit.

There are two types here, the first is increasing your long or short exposure in a specific currency such as ETH. This would work by getting an ETH flash loan from Aave, depositing it to Maker to get DAI in return, and then swapping it on Uniswap back to ETH.

However by far the most talked-about transaction has been the arbitrage trade automated my Furucombo, at this stage you still have to figure out when the trade will be profitable but the execution can be automated. The great thing is that you don’t need to understand how the individual transactions work just if your balance will increase after the whole transaction flow after you account for fees. You can take advantage of cross-exchange/ platform arbitrage and cross-currency arbitrage opportunities.

Tax Implications

This is definitely one of the trickier aspects of not just Furucombo but the DeFi space as a whole. Only a few governments have posted crypto specific tax information and with DeFi being so new the best we can do is offer general interpretations as to how the laws could be perceived based on crypto rules and general tax guidelines. The good news is that using Furucombo specifically doesn’t have any extra tax rules, as the app connects directly to your wallet but the transactions themselves have tax implications.

Here are some general tax rules to keep in mind that can be applied to Furucombo combinations:

  • Any crypto to crypto trade triggers a tax event, the sale of one crypto triggers a tax event for that coin while the purchase of a new coin forms the cost basis for future trades in that coin

  • Transferring the same coin between platforms shouldn’t trigger a tax event as you are in control of the funds the whole time

  • Coins that are airdropped to you or earned from staking is generally considered income and not capital gains

  • Borrowing crypto is not a tax event as it isn’t income or capital gains

  • Borrowing funds to make a trade could be considered income and not capital gains as you are technically making a margin trade. This includes transactions involving flash loans.

News

Furucombo is moving at a rapid pace and is posting news at least once a fortnight. They have been integrating new DeFi protocols weekly but the main news comes from an update posted on September 22nd. With the main goal to demystify the DeFi world for beginners they have launched an explore page where users can explore individual combos used in the past, they can see the APY generated and easily load the transactions so you can do it yourself.

Resources

https://furucombo.app/ https://twitter.com/furucombo https://t.me/furucombo https://medium.com/furucombo https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCa1kGD4lvTSrmfKbDjQNOxQ

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Häufig gestellte Fragen

Wie wird die Kryptosteuer berechnet?

Abhängig von der Art der Kryptowährungstransaktion und Ihren individuellen Umständen können Sie sowohl für Kapitalerträge als auch für die Einkommenssteuer haften. Beispielsweise müssen Sie möglicherweise Kapitalgewinne aus Gewinnen aus dem Kauf und Verkauf von Kryptowährungen zahlen oder Einkommenssteuer auf Zinsen zahlen, die Sie beim Halten von Krypto verdienen.

Ich habe Geld beim Handel mit Kryptowährungen verloren. Zahle ich immer noch Steuern?

Die Art und Weise, wie Kryptowährungen in den meisten Ländern besteuert werden, bedeutet, dass Anleger unter Umständen trotzdem Steuern zahlen müssen – unabhängig davon, ob sie insgesamt einen Gewinn oder Verlust erzielt haben. Abhängig von den jeweiligen Umständen werden Steuern in der Regel zum Zeitpunkt der Transaktion fällig und nicht auf Basis der Gesamtposition am Ende des Finanzjahres.

How do I calculate tax on crypto-to-crypto transactions?

In most countries you are required to record the value of the cryptocurrency in your local currency at the time of the transaction. This can be extremely time consuming to do by hand, since most exchange records do not have a reference price point, and records between exchanges are not easily compatible.

How can Summ help with crypto taxes?

You just need to import your transaction history and Summ (formerly Crypto Tax Calculator) will help you categorize your transactions and calculate realized profit and income. You can then generate the appropriate reports to send to your accountant and keep detailed records handy for audit purposes.

Wie berechne ich die Steuer auf Krypto-zu-Krypto-Transaktionen?

In den meisten Ländern sind Sie verpflichtet, den Wert der Kryptowährung zum Zeitpunkt der Transaktion in Ihrer Landeswährung zu erfassen. Dies kann äußerst zeitaufwendig sein, wenn Sie es manuell machen, da die meisten Börsenaufzeichnungen keinen Referenzpreis enthalten und Aufzeichnungen zwischen verschiedenen Börsen nicht leicht miteinander kompatibel sind.

Wie kann Summ bei Kryptosteuern helfen?

Sie müssen nur Ihren Transaktionsverlauf importieren, und Summ (früher Crypto Tax Calculator) hilft Ihnen dabei, Ihre Transaktionen zu kategorisieren und den realisierten Gewinn sowie das erzielte Einkommen zu berechnen. Anschließend können Sie die entsprechenden Berichte erstellen, um sie an Ihren Buchhalter zu senden, und detaillierte Aufzeichnungen für Prüfungszwecke griffbereit haben.

Kann ich nicht einfach meinen Buchhalter dazu bringen, das für mich zu erledigen?

Wir empfehlen Ihnen immer, mit Ihrem Buchhalter zusammenzuarbeiten, um Ihre Unterlagen zu überprüfen. Wenn Sie möchten, dass Ihr Buchhalter Ihnen bei der Abstimmung von Transaktionen hilft, können Sie ihn zu Summ (früher Crypto Tax Calculator) einladen und direkt in der Web-App zusammenarbeiten. Außerdem bieten wir eine vollständige Buchhalter-Suite, die speziell auf Steuerberater und Buchhalter zugeschnitten ist.

Behandelt Summ Aktivitäten, die nichts mit Börsen zu tun haben?

Summ wickelt alle Aktivitäten ab, die nichts mit der Börse zu tun haben, z. B. Onchain-Transaktionen wie Airdrops, Staking, Mining, ICOs und andere DeFi-Aktivitäten. Egal, welche Aktivitäten Sie im Bereich Krypto ausgeführt haben, wir bieten Ihnen unsere benutzerfreundliche Kategorisierungsfunktion, ähnlich wie Expensify.

Muss ich für historische Steuerberichte bezahlen?

Unsere Abonnementpreise verstehen sich pro Jahr, nicht pro Steuerjahr. Mit einem Jahresabonnement können Sie Ihre Kryptosteuern also bereits 2013 berechnen. Der Vorgang ist derselbe. Laden Sie einfach Ihren Transaktionsverlauf aus diesen Jahren hoch und wir kümmern uns um den Rest.

Kann ich meinen eigenen Buchhalter beauftragen?

Ja, Summ wurde entwickelt, um buchhalterfreundliche Steuerberichte zu erstellen. Sie importieren einfach Ihren gesamten Transaktionsverlauf und exportieren Ihren Bericht. Das bedeutet, dass Sie Ihre Bücher selbst auf den neuesten Stand bringen können, wodurch Sie viel Zeit sparen und die von Ihrem Buchhalter berechneten Rechnungen reduzieren können. Sie können Steuerszenarien mit Ihrem Buchhalter besprechen und ihn den Bericht überprüfen lassen.

Wie funktioniert die Bezahlung?

Summ bietet ein Jahresabonnement an, das alle vorherigen Steuerjahre abdeckt. Wenn Sie Ihre Steuererklärung für frühere Jahre ändern müssen, ist dies mit einer zusätzlichen Zahlung verbunden.

Was ist, wenn meine Börse nicht auf der Liste der unterstützten Börsen steht?

Summ deckt Tausende von Börsen, Wallets und Blockchains sowie DeFi-Apps ab. Wenn Sie Ihre Börse jedoch nicht auf der unterstützten Liste sehen, arbeiten wir gerne mit Ihnen zusammen, um sie zu unterstützen. Wenden Sie sich einfach an [email protected] oder über die In-App-Chat-Support-Funktion und wir kümmern uns darum.

Unterstützt Summ NFT-Transaktionen?

Das tun wir! Summ lässt sich in viele NFT-Marktplätze integrieren und bietet Kategorisierungsoptionen für alle NFT-bezogenen Aktivitäten (Prägen, Kaufen, Verkaufen, Handeln).

Wie funktioniert die kostenlose Testversion?

Summ (früher Crypto Tax Calculator) kann sofort nach der Anmeldung kostenlos verwendet werden, sodass Sie Ihre Transaktionen importieren und unsere intelligente Engine für Vorschläge und automatische Kategorisierung, Portfolio-Tracking sowie DeFi- und NFT-Support nutzen können. Um auf Berichte, das Tax Loss Harvest Tool oder Chat- und Priority-Support zugreifen zu können, müssen Sie auf den entsprechenden kostenpflichtigen Tarif upgraden.

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