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2023-03-31

How Investing vs Trading impacts tax

In most cases of buying and selling cryptocurrency as a retail investor, you are participating in investing rather than trading. The two are treated differently for tax purposes.

  • Investing is subject to capital gains tax or income tax, depending on the nature of the transaction.
  • Trading in this case refers to self-employment which is subject to income tax and National Insurance Contributions.

The key difference between investing and trading – along with the different tax treatments, is how losses generated in the crypto-activity can be used.

In their guidance, HMRC have explicitly stated that they would expect it to be exceedingly rare that any crypto-activity constituting buying & selling crypto would be classified as “trading”.

If you are uncertain, speak to a tax advisor as there are always exceptions, including but not limited to, developing tokens and large scale mining.

How is crypto tax calculated in the United States?

You can be liable for both capital gains and income tax depending on the type of cryptocurrency transaction, and your individual circumstances. For example, you might need to pay capital gains on profits from buying and selling cryptocurrency, or pay income tax on interest earned when holding crypto.

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Top 4 crypto tax mistakes

Wondering about the most common mistakes people make when trying to do their crypto tax? We’ve got the answers for you in our blog, so you can avoid ending up in the same sticky situations.

Key takeaways
This tax guide is regularly updated: Last Update  
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Reporting your crypto tax can be a complicated process for many reasons, which is why a solution like Summ (formerly Crypto Tax Calculator) exists! We aim to make the entire experience as straightforward as possible for you, so you can spend more time on the fun things (like staring longingly at jpegs).

Whether you’re buying crypto, selling, staking, transferring, mining, bridging assets, receiving airdrops, minting NFTs, margin trading, or whatever it is that takes your fancy, there’s the chance that you might make a common crypto tax mistake that could hinder your submission progress. We’ve put this list of the top 4 common crypto tax mistakes people make to hopefully help you avoid falling into the same situation! Let’s dive in.

1. Not including all your necessary data

So, you’re submitting your 2021 tax return and including your crypto activity in your report - why would you need to include transactions from 2018 in your calculations? The answer: cost basis.

When calculating your crypto taxes, it’s crucial to include history from every source that you have activity on. The reason is, if you don’t provide your entire transaction history, there will be no way to determine accurate cost basis for individual transactions. Without an accurate cost basis, your entire crypto tax return could be wrong!

2. “But I didn’t cash out!”

We��ve all heard this phrase before, that one friend who is adamant that unless they cashed their crypto assets into fiat currency, there is no possible way they could have tax obligations. Each region has different guidelines on what is or is not classified as a taxable event, but the majority of jurisdictions include many more types of activity than just ‘cashing out’. As an example, the ATO considers a crypto to crypto swap as a disposal event, and is therefore taxable. Another example is the IRS’ treatment of NFT sales, which they view as a capital gains tax event.

3. Forgetting to list crypto earned as income

Similar to what we mentioned above, every region has different guidelines as to what is classified as ‘ordinary income’. In jurisdictions where certain crypto activities and their respective ‘rewards’ are considered income, you will need to declare it as such for tax purposes. As an example, the IRS classifies crypto earned via mining as ordinary income. Similarly, the ATO has stated that airdrops are to be treated as ordinary income for tax purposes, meaning any Australian resident who has received one has the obligation to declare it as such.

4. Not realizing that claiming capital losses may be a possibility

In some regions, disposing of crypto assets via a sell, swap, spend or loan constitutes a capital gains tax event. If the value of your crypto asset at the time of disposal is higher than the cost basis, this will incur a capital gain. If the value of your crypto asset at the time of disposal is lower than the cost basis, this will incur a capital loss. In regions that recognize capital losses within crypto activity - when an investor chooses to sell their crypto asset at a loss, they can use this loss to offset against their capital gains. If you’re not capitalizing on this opportunity, you could be missing out on the chance to bring down your overall tax bill!

How can Summ help?

By providing you with the tools to help track your crypto transaction history, our platform lowers the chances of human error. Summ will provide you with alerts when a data source appears to be missing, for example. We also work with local tax professionals in regions around the world to ensure that our algorithm’s rules are up to date with relevant legislation, meaning you will have direction as to what could or could not be a taxable event. Finally, one of our favourite features in the platform is the ‘biggest winners / biggest losers’ widget. It will identify what assets you’re holding have the best and worst growth in value since point of purchase. This can give you an idea on what assets might be relevant when looking into claiming capital losses.

Try us out today: https://summ.com/

Le informazioni fornite su questo sito Web sono di natura generale e non costituiscono consulenza fiscale, contabile o legale. È stato preparato senza tenere conto dei vostri obiettivi, della vostra situazione finanziaria o delle vostre esigenze. Prima di agire in base a queste informazioni, è necessario considerare l'adeguatezza delle informazioni rispetto ai propri obiettivi, situazione finanziaria ed esigenze e chiedere una consulenza professionale.
Summ (precedentemente Crypto Tax Calculator) declina ogni e qualsiasi garanzia, impegno e garanzia, espressa o implicita, e non è responsabile per eventuali perdite o danni di sorta (inclusi errori umani o informatici, negligenti o di altro tipo, o perdite o danni incidentali o consequenziali) derivanti da o in connessione, qualsiasi utilizzo o affidamento sulle informazioni o sui consigli contenuti in questo sito web. L'utente deve accettare l'esclusiva responsabilità associata all'uso del materiale presente su questo sito, indipendentemente dallo scopo per il quale tale uso o risultati vengono applicati. Le informazioni contenute in questo sito non sostituiscono la consulenza specialistica.

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