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2023-10-26

How Investing vs Trading impacts tax

In most cases of buying and selling cryptocurrency as a retail investor, you are participating in investing rather than trading. The two are treated differently for tax purposes.

  • Investing is subject to capital gains tax or income tax, depending on the nature of the transaction.
  • Trading in this case refers to self-employment which is subject to income tax and National Insurance Contributions.

The key difference between investing and trading – along with the different tax treatments, is how losses generated in the crypto-activity can be used.

In their guidance, HMRC have explicitly stated that they would expect it to be exceedingly rare that any crypto-activity constituting buying & selling crypto would be classified as “trading”.

If you are uncertain, speak to a tax advisor as there are always exceptions, including but not limited to, developing tokens and large scale mining.

How is crypto tax calculated in the United States?

You can be liable for both capital gains and income tax depending on the type of cryptocurrency transaction, and your individual circumstances. For example, you might need to pay capital gains on profits from buying and selling cryptocurrency, or pay income tax on interest earned when holding crypto.

CoinLedger

CoinLedger is an accessible crypto tax platform with over 1,000 exchange and wallet integrations.

Best for: Users who want a simple, straightforward experience without complex DeFi needs.

Key differentiator: Offers an unlimited transaction plan for high-volume traders at a fixed price.

Pricing: $49 (100 transactions) to $499+ (10,000+ transactions).

Limitation: Does not generate Schedule D forms - you will need to complete this manually or with other software.

Notable: Strong NFT support with OpenSea integration.

CoinTracker

CoinTracker is a portfolio tracker and tax calculator supporting over 30,000 cryptocurrencies.

Best for: Users who prioritize portfolio tracking alongside tax reporting.

Key differentiator: Direct integrations with TurboTax and H&R Block Desktop.

Pricing: $59 (100 transactions) to $599 (10,000 transactions), with full-service options up to $3,499.

Limitation: Customer support is limited on lower-tier plans - priority support requires the $599 Ultra plan.

Notable: Good security with end-to-end encryption and SOC 2 compliance.

ZenLedger

ZenLedger offers both DIY crypto tax reports and professional full-service accounting.

Best for: Users who want tax loss harvesting included at every pricing tier.

Key differentiator: Tax loss harvesting is available on all plans, not just premium tiers.

Pricing: $49 (100 transactions) to $399 (15,000 transactions).

Limitation: Only offers 400+ exchange integrations - significantly fewer than competitors. Some users report customer support issues with long wait times.

Notable: TurboTax integration and 14-day refund policy.

blog
Oct 26
,
 
2023
 - 
10
min read

A Crypto Trader's Guide to 1099 Forms in 2023

A guide explaining why crypto traders should care about 1099 forms.

Key takeaways
This tax guide is regularly updated: Last Update  

Why you should care about in IRS 1099 forms:

1099's are the centrepiece of IRS crypto tax enforcement and the most significant driver of CP2000 notices issued by the IRS specifying differences in the amount of tax the IRS thinks you owe vs your filed taxes.

What are 1099's?

1099 forms document different types of payments made to you by individuals or businesses that are not your employer. These forms are sent directly to the IRS, and sometimes to your state taxing authority, and report payments made to you during the tax year by businesses in 2022.

All US-based centralised exchanges will be issuing 1099 forms, enabling the IRS to track crypto transactions from fiat-on ramp to initial purchase. Third-party tools like Reactor allows the IRS to continue to trace crypto transactions into DeFi, on-chain, and self-custody wallets.

Yes, the IRS knows about your crypto. Despite popular belief, audits are not random. The IRS uses data flags to determine if your SSN should be selected for an audit, and potentially send you a CP2000 if there is a discrepancy between your filed taxes and the data they have.  Remember - Almost 90% of audits result in a change to the tax return - H&R Block.

1099's are a friendly reminder that the Money Printers want their taxes!

What should you do if you don't get a 1099 from every income source? AKA have you been investing in LPs on DEX's?

Record keeping, in a continual manner, is essential for those of us who have invested, traded, or staked on various DeFi projects. As mentioned, the IRS has software to track these on-chain transactions but may require accurate crypto transaction records to get a correct tax result. While you could request a 1099 form from a DEX it wont happen in most instances. If your CEX still needs to provide a 1099-MISC, K or B you should ask for it ASAP.

CryptoTaxCalulator supports over 600+ integrations simplifying record keeping - you just need to import the transactions regularly. Start importing transactions now.

If a CEX you traded on submits a 1099 to the IRS and you don't declare these transactions, you could receive a CP2000 due to the differences in the IRS data and your filed return.

1099 tax forms crypto tax degens are likely to receive

1099-MISC

The 1099 MISC is sent to the IRS by any company reporting payments other than nonemployee compensation. If you have recieved staking rewards, income for contracting work, or other payments from crypto investments in 2022 you are likely to recieve a 1099-MISC this year if any of the following events have occurred:

  • $10 in royalties recieved (hello, NFT creators)

  • $600 in staking rewards, income or other DeFi-Web3 financial instruments that earn you profits (see the US tax guide 2022 - Income tax events for more info)

  • Fees for learning rewards over $600

  • Prizes and awards issued in crypto by a company with a market value at the time of issuing of over $600

The issuing company's tax identification number (TIN) may need to be added to your 1040 worksheet.

1099-B

Form 1099-B is sent to the IRS with exact details about your buys - cost basis, gross proceeds, and any capital gains or losses. While the 1099-B submitted to the IRS has exact figures, this information might need to be corrected and should be reviewed and compared to the capital gains report from CryptoTaxCalulator. 

1099-K

The 1099-K is focused on your total transactions and the total values of those transactions. It is not what has been reported to the IRS as your taxable income or capital gains. If you have made over 200 trades or traded over the value of $20,000 in 2022, you may receive a 1099-K. This information form is another flag in the IRS's system to aid their tax compliance program.

What should you do if a 1099 you recieved needs to be corrected?

Tell the payer immediately it is wrong and keep records of why it is wrong. Ask the payer for a corrected 1099 form to be sent to the IRS. Depending on their submission approach, they can tick a particular check box to correct a previously submitted form. You also want to ensure you have accurate records in CryptoTaxCalulator so you can show the correct on-chain transactions to the IRS vs the incorrectly reported values in the 1099 form you recieved.

The information provided on this website is general in nature and is not tax, accounting or legal advice. It has been prepared without taking into account your objectives, financial situation or needs. Before acting on this information, you should consider the appropriateness of the information having regard to your own objectives, financial situation and needs and seek professional advice. Summ (formerly Crypto Tax Calculator) disclaims all and any guarantees, undertakings and warranties, expressed or implied, and is not liable for any loss or damage whatsoever (including human or computer error, negligent or otherwise, or incidental or Consequential Loss or damage) arising out of, or in connection with, any use or reliance on the information or advice in this website. The user must accept sole responsibility associated with the use of the material on this site, irrespective of the purpose for which such use or results are applied. The information in this website is no substitute for specialist advice.

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Blog

13 September 2020

X

 Min read

A Crypto Trader's Guide to 1099 Forms in 2023

A guide explaining why crypto traders should care about 1099 forms.

Patrick McGimpsey

This tax guide is regularly updated: Last Update 

....

October

26

2023

Why you should care about in IRS 1099 forms:

1099's are the centrepiece of IRS crypto tax enforcement and the most significant driver of CP2000 notices issued by the IRS specifying differences in the amount of tax the IRS thinks you owe vs your filed taxes.

What are 1099's?

1099 forms document different types of payments made to you by individuals or businesses that are not your employer. These forms are sent directly to the IRS, and sometimes to your state taxing authority, and report payments made to you during the tax year by businesses in 2022.

All US-based centralised exchanges will be issuing 1099 forms, enabling the IRS to track crypto transactions from fiat-on ramp to initial purchase. Third-party tools like Reactor allows the IRS to continue to trace crypto transactions into DeFi, on-chain, and self-custody wallets.

Yes, the IRS knows about your crypto. Despite popular belief, audits are not random. The IRS uses data flags to determine if your SSN should be selected for an audit, and potentially send you a CP2000 if there is a discrepancy between your filed taxes and the data they have.  Remember - Almost 90% of audits result in a change to the tax return - H&R Block.

1099's are a friendly reminder that the Money Printers want their taxes!

What should you do if you don't get a 1099 from every income source? AKA have you been investing in LPs on DEX's?

Record keeping, in a continual manner, is essential for those of us who have invested, traded, or staked on various DeFi projects. As mentioned, the IRS has software to track these on-chain transactions but may require accurate crypto transaction records to get a correct tax result. While you could request a 1099 form from a DEX it wont happen in most instances. If your CEX still needs to provide a 1099-MISC, K or B you should ask for it ASAP.

CryptoTaxCalulator supports over 600+ integrations simplifying record keeping - you just need to import the transactions regularly. Start importing transactions now.

If a CEX you traded on submits a 1099 to the IRS and you don't declare these transactions, you could receive a CP2000 due to the differences in the IRS data and your filed return.

1099 tax forms crypto tax degens are likely to receive

1099-MISC

The 1099 MISC is sent to the IRS by any company reporting payments other than nonemployee compensation. If you have recieved staking rewards, income for contracting work, or other payments from crypto investments in 2022 you are likely to recieve a 1099-MISC this year if any of the following events have occurred:

  • $10 in royalties recieved (hello, NFT creators)

  • $600 in staking rewards, income or other DeFi-Web3 financial instruments that earn you profits (see the US tax guide 2022 - Income tax events for more info)

  • Fees for learning rewards over $600

  • Prizes and awards issued in crypto by a company with a market value at the time of issuing of over $600

The issuing company's tax identification number (TIN) may need to be added to your 1040 worksheet.

1099-B

Form 1099-B is sent to the IRS with exact details about your buys - cost basis, gross proceeds, and any capital gains or losses. While the 1099-B submitted to the IRS has exact figures, this information might need to be corrected and should be reviewed and compared to the capital gains report from CryptoTaxCalulator. 

1099-K

The 1099-K is focused on your total transactions and the total values of those transactions. It is not what has been reported to the IRS as your taxable income or capital gains. If you have made over 200 trades or traded over the value of $20,000 in 2022, you may receive a 1099-K. This information form is another flag in the IRS's system to aid their tax compliance program.

What should you do if a 1099 you recieved needs to be corrected?

Tell the payer immediately it is wrong and keep records of why it is wrong. Ask the payer for a corrected 1099 form to be sent to the IRS. Depending on their submission approach, they can tick a particular check box to correct a previously submitted form. You also want to ensure you have accurate records in CryptoTaxCalulator so you can show the correct on-chain transactions to the IRS vs the incorrectly reported values in the 1099 form you recieved.

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Frequently asked questions

How does the CRA treat cryptocurrency for tax purposes?

The Canada Revenue Agency (CRA) views cryptocurrency as a commodity, similar to a precious metal like gold. This means it's not considered legal tender like the Canadian dollar. How your cryptocurrency transactions are taxed depends on why you're using it. If you occasionally buy and sell cryptocurrency for investment purposes, any profits or losses are generally considered capital gains or losses. On the other hand, if your activities are more frequent, involve mining or staking, or are done with a profit motive, your cryptocurrency transactions may be considered business income or losses. The CRA requires you to report all taxable cryptocurrency transactions. This includes selling cryptocurrency for Canadian dollars or another cryptocurrency, using cryptocurrency to buy goods or services, receiving cryptocurrency as payment, and earning cryptocurrency from mining or staking. Failing to report these transactions can result in penalties or audits.

What are the tax implications for crypto-to-crypto trades in Canada?

The CRA considers crypto-to-crypto trades as dispositions. This means each trade triggers a capital gain or loss, even though you haven't received any Canadian dollars. To calculate the gain or loss, determine the adjusted cost base of the cryptocurrency you're disposing of and calculate the proceeds of disposition using the fair market value (in Canadian dollars) of the cryptocurrency you're acquiring.

Do I need to pay GST/HST on cryptocurrency transactions?

GST/HST may apply to cryptocurrency transactions in certain situations. If your business accepts cryptocurrency as payment for goods or services, you need to charge GST/HST. The tax is calculated on the fair market value of the cryptocurrency at the time of the transaction. Since the CRA treats crypto as a commodity, accepting it as payment is considered a barter transaction. Both parties involved in the barter may need to account for GST/HST. GST/HST generally doesn't apply to personal cryptocurrency transactions unless your activities are considered a business.

What happens if I fail to report cryptocurrency on my taxes in Canada?

Failing to report your cryptocurrency transactions can have serious consequences. The CRA can impose penalties and charge daily compound interest on any unpaid taxes. You may be subject to a tax audit, and in severe cases, you could face criminal charges. If you realize you made a mistake or omission on your tax return, you can correct it through the CRA's Voluntary Disclosures Program. This allows you to come forward and disclose the information before the CRA starts an audit. It's always best to be proactive and report all your cryptocurrency activity accurately and on time.

How does the free trial work?

The platform is free to use immediately upon signup, allowing you to import your transactions and take advantage of our smart suggestion and auto-categorization engine, portfolio tracking, DeFi and NFT support. For access to reports, the tax loss harvest tool or chat and priority support, you will need to upgrade to the appropriate paid plan.

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